Killing Lincoln by Bill OReilly - 962 Words

Killing Lincoln Book Review The mystery of how John Wilkes Booth pulled off the most influential and notorious assassinations in history is revealed in Killing Lincoln. The author of this book, Bill O’Reilly, built up the plot of the story through vivid historical details and pieced them together like a thriller. He tries to explain all of what happened on one of the most interesting and sad days in American history. Many conspiracies and Civil War ideals are on full display in the book. I agree with most of O’Reilly’s ideas but there are some that I am not really sure about because of his point of view like many of the conspiracy theories. Killing Lincoln by Bill O’Reilly was a very compelling read which described the Civil War, lives of†¦show more content†¦The death of Abraham Lincoln is described very vividly: â€Å"...the sphere of Britannia metal poked a neat round hole in Lincoln’s skull and then pushed fragments of that bone deep into Lincoln’s brain a s it traveled precisely seven and a half inches before plowing to a stop in the dense gray matter.† (page 208). After the arrests of the other co-conspirators like Azterodt and Powell, detective Lafayette Baker attempts to hunt down John Wilkes Booth and David Herold who are hiding out in a swamp in Maryland. Eventually, the two conspirators are found in a barn in Virginia and John Wilkes Booth is shot and killed as the barn burned to the ground. Finally, the assassin of the killer of Abraham Lincoln is killed in the same manner as the president. The author of Killing Lincoln, Bill O’Reilly, is a very famous conservative political commentator and the host of The O’Reilly Factor, a show on FOX News. He tends to lead on the conservative side of political discussions but he says that he is an independent. This political viewpoint leads to many biases on different ideas on his show and in the books that he writes. Specifically, in Killing Lincoln, this viewpoint leads him to discuss and ponder more conspiracies than if he had more of a liberal view. Bill O’Reilly was not the only contributor to Killing Lincoln, though. Some of his sources included co-author and historianShow MoreRelatedKilling Lincoln By Bill O Reilly1558 Words   |  7 Pages In the book, Killing Lincoln, author Bill O’Reilly portrayed John Wilkes Booth as an obsessed assassin who recruited various conspirators. He described the events leading to President Lincoln’s murder and the hunt to capture Booth and his cohorts. Killing Lincoln is comprehensible to anyone as young as a middle schooler, although it would be best suited for an older reader with an interest in history and politics. Killing Lincoln could also be appealing to those intrigued by conspiracy plots andRead MoreKilling Lincoln : The Assassination Of President Lincoln1215 Words   |  5 PagesKilling Lincoln is an intriguing book about the events that led to the assassination of President Lincoln. It discusses the planning leading up to the killing and the actual assassination. It goes through the current events that occurred during that time period and John Wilkes Booth’s thoughts. This book does not have to be read only by people only interested in history because it i s that interesting and entertaining. It is a book that grabs the reader and pulls them in appealing to all audiencesRead MoreKilling Lincoln Is Acclaimed As `` Shocking, And A Historical Thriller1115 Words   |  5 PagesEssay Killing Lincoln is acclaimed as â€Å"shocking† and a â€Å"historical thriller.† It makes the reader question, â€Å"Is it really true?† with every turning page. Bill O’Reilly claims that everything mentioned is true and â€Å"unsanitized,† so a whole new story is opened to the audience, such as Booth being funded by the Confederate states and the Booth family being closely related to the Lincoln family. However, if everything is true, the question still remains: What is the most significant truth? Many peopleRead MoreKilling Lincoln By Bill O Reilly And Martin Dugard1609 Words   |  7 PagesKilling Lincoln by Bill O Reilly and Martin Dugard is a book that captures the days leading up to and surrounding President Abraham Lincoln’s death. The purpose of this book is to give the reader insight about anything relating to President Abraham Lincoln in his final days. Bill O’Reilly hosts his own news television show called â€Å"The O’Reilly Factor† which is aired on the Fox News Channel where he talks about political issues. He has written many other books with Dugard like Killing Kenn edy: TheRead MoreKilling Kennedy : The End Of The Camelot1462 Words   |  6 PagesSitting in a Lincoln convertible, the Kennedys and Texas Governor John Connally and his wife waved at the astronomically immense and ebullient crowds amassed along the parade route in Dallas, Texas. As their vehicle passed the Texas School Book Depository Building at 12:30 p.m., Lee Harvey Oswald allegedly fired three shots from the sixth floor, fatally wounding 35th President John F. Kennedy and earnestly injuring Governor Connally. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was pronounced dead 30 minutes later atRead MoreKilling Lincoln : The Shocking Assassination That Changed America Forever Essay1761 Words   |  8 PagesBill O’Reilly and Martin Dugard write Killing Lincoln: The Shocking Assassination That Changed America Forever , a book about the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln and the events leading up to the assassination. The purpose of the book is to strategic ally break down the days and events leading up to the death of Abraham Lincoln and provoke thoughts in the minds of the readers. The authors want to uncover proven and alleged conspiracy theories. Bill O’Reilly writes a plethora of other booksRead MoreAnalysis Of Bill O Reilly1688 Words   |  7 PagesBill O’Reilly is the author of Killing Kennedy, and he wrote the book in 2012. O’Reilly was born in 1949 in New York City and later graduated from Marist College with a degree in history in the 1970s. Bill then taught high school for many years before going back to college to get a masters degree in journalism. Starting in the 1980s, O’Reilly began working in television becoming a correspondent for many different news stations. In the 1990s, Bill went back to school this time at Harvard to getRead MoreThe O Reilly Factor Essay2117 Words   |  9 PagesBill O’ Reilly is the host of the critically acclaimed â€Å"The O’Reilly Factorâ₠¬ . The O’Reilly Factor is a show that airs every weekday night at 7 P.M. that mainly focuses on covering political news. It airs on Fox News which is mainly a right wing, conservative network. O’Reilly, himself is a conservative and is known for bashing President Obama on the way he leads our country. He has been on air for over 30 years and has even won an Emmy for â€Å"The O’Reilly Factor†. Killing Lincoln is a timeline leadingRead MoreAnalysis Of Bill O Reilly1286 Words   |  6 PagesWilkes Booth’s plans to assassinate President Abraham Lincoln at the Ford’s Theatre. Author, Bill O’Reilly is attempting to correct the misleading assumptions and alleged conspiracies that had taken place leading up to the events of Lincoln’s assassination and explain in detail the scenarios and what a ruthless person Booth really was. O’Reilly wrote the book to provide us the history of this war and how it changed after the death of Lincoln. The American Civil War is underway and Lincoln’s armyRead MoreKilling Lincoln By Bill O Reilly1789 Words   |  8 PagesIn 2011, Bill O’Reilly wrote Killing Lincoln. In this book he explains how the assassination of Abraham Lincoln took place and groundbreaking affects it had on the war and the country. O’Reilly had many reasons for the purpose in writing this book. He says he thought he knew what happened with the assassination and the effects it had on the country. I believe O’Reilly was truly intrigued once he started researching how the plot was planned and so forth. O’Reilly states that the plan itself had

The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night by Mark Haddon

Author Mark Haddon has written an astounding novel that is a social breakthrough of understanding the developmental disorder of autism. He does so through the main character that is an autistic British boy named Christopher. The main idea of his story starts when Christopher discovers his neighbors poodle murdered in her yard. This boy idolizes Sherlock Holmes, and so he sets out to solve the mystery of who was responsible for the dog’s murder. The struggles he faces throughout the book begins with him being a boy with ASD, making him uneasy with social interactions, understanding emotions and processing his own feelings and reactions. A very literal and scholarly young boy, Christopher takes an approach very similar to that of an actual detective, being able to deconstruct life and its concepts to human laws and equations where purely logic and facts rule the situation. The only problem he runs into is that the search requires emotions and empathy to accept what he discovers as the crime is uncovered. As research student Rubina Lal has said in her own research of ASD and its effects on social interactions, â€Å"Autism is a developmental disorder that affects a child’s perception of the world and how the child learns from his or her experiences. Even among the most complex disabilities, autism remains an enigma† (Lal, 1). As the book progresses, the reader discovers how his parents and peers have a hard time working with him and his disability, so he is somewhat alone along theShow MoreRelatedThe Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time by Mark Haddon910 Words   |  4 PagesAspergers sufferer, Christopher Boone, Mark Haddon’s inventive novel entitle ‘The Curious incident of the Dog in the Night Time’, skilfully portrays how the decisions of significant characters and their relationships shape the overall message about the difficulties of living with a limiting social condition. This is challenged from the unique perspective of Christopher and explicitly seen through the relationship between the protagonist and both his parents. Haddon employs a myriad of techniques throughRead MoreThe Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time by Mark Haddon1540 Words   |  7 Pagesholds true in the novel The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time by Mark Haddon, in which several of its characters follow this idea. Christopher had autism but, other than being some of the most brilliant people in human history, Albert Einstein, Thomas Jefferson, Michelangelo, Isaac Newton, Andy Warhol, and Bill Gates have all been speculated to have some sort of autism. So Christopher’s condition is not a huge barrier to his success. When a neighbor’s dog is killed, fifteen year oldRead MoreAnalysis of The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time by Mark Haddon1444 Words   |  6 Pages The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time In this book, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night time, Mark Haddon writes about Christopher John Francis Boone who is an autistic child. Throughout this story Christopher attempts to solve a murder case of his neighbor’s poodle. Christopher wakes up one day at seven minutes past midnight, and he notices the next-door neighbor’s dog laying on the ground. So he decides to go over and check out what happened, soon he found a garden forkRead MoreAnalysis Of The Curious Incident Of The Dog In The Night-Time By Mark Haddon810 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time† written by Mark Haddon follows the protagonist Christopher Boone and the challenges he faces every day as he encounters new people, new places and new sayings. Christopher is an autistic child living in central Swindon with his father, what he does not realise is that lies surround him and continue to follow him through his life. Throughout the novel family struggles are a constant theme conveyed by Haddon through his characterisation, plot andRead MoreThe Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon986 Words   |  4 PagesRetelling The novel, â€Å"The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time,† is narrated by a 15 year old boy with a form of autism named Christopher Boone. It is about his search for order and stability in his life and how he copes with situations that lack this. At the beginning of the story, Christopher discovers that his neighbour’s dog, named Wellington, has been murdered. He decides to get to the bottom of this and solve the mystery of Wellington’s murderer while writing a murder mystery novelRead More The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time by Mark Haddon995 Words   |  4 Pages The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time is told through the eyes of a fifteen year old boy named Christopher Boone. Christopher has a highly-functioning form of autism which allows him to understand complex mathematical problems, but also leaves him unable to comprehend many simple human emotions. His inability to understand metaphors, distinguish emotions, a nd his lack of imagination makes it possible to consider Christopher as functioning like a computer rather than functioningRead MoreComparative Essay : The Night Time, By Mark Haddon, And The Curious Incident Of The Dog1021 Words   |  5 PagesComparative Essay of Temple Grandin, (2010), and, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time, by Mark Haddon, (2003). â€Å"I want my name to mean me.† (Haddon, M, p. 20.) Autism as defined by the Oxford dictionary as: â€Å"A developmental disorder of variable severity that is characterized by difficulty in social interaction and communication and by restricted or repetitive patterns of thought and behaviour.† (Oxford Dictionaries | English, 2017) This definition is a small view into the complexityRead MoreCurious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time by Mark Haddon Essay855 Words   |  4 PagesThe curious incident of the dog in the night time is about a young boy with aspergers syndrome named Christopher. asperger syndrome is an autism spectrum disorder considered to be on the â€Å"high functioning† end of the spectrum. Affected children and adults have difficulty with social interactions and exhibit a restricted range of interests repetitive behaviours. Christopher found a dead black poodle with a pitch fork in it. It made him very upset and he wanted to find out who killed Wellington, soRead MoreAn Analysis of The Curious Inciden t of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon839 Words   |  4 PagesAutism occurs mostly in males ration 4:1. (males:females). In the novel â€Å"The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time† is about a boy named Christopher Boone who has a case of autism. In this novel Christopher is trying to solve the murder of his friend Mrs. Sheers dog. Christopher shows three different types of autism. Communication, does not like talking to strangers. Behavioural, does not ant normal around other people. Social. Because he does not like things about other people. ChristopherRead MoreA Murder Case in the Book, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon653 Words   |  3 PagesThe Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time A friend of mine recommended a book called The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon. This story revolves around a 15 year-old boy named Chris, who discovers his neighbor’s dog Wellington is dead on the front lawn. Chris takes it upon himself to investigate what he thinks is a murder case. It is told early on in the story that Chris has autism. Throughout the investigation, readers see the investigation from Chris’s point-of-view

Protect Traditional Architecture Free Essays

These days, different ways are being taken to protect cultural identity. Obviously, not only is much contribution made to maintain old houses but also rules of laws associated with cultural protection are changed for the better. Some people even say that new buildings are right to be set up in the conventionalway. We will write a custom essay sample on Protect Traditional Architecture or any similar topic only for you Order Now I seem to be one of opponents who believe that the action can be unsuitable in our world. One of the main reasons is that most of traditional buildings, in my nation, that offer provide few rooms can hardly hard to meet the demands for housing as increasing numbers of people pour into the city. Compared to before, today’s population has doubled and even trebled, which puts seriouspressure on housing supply. As a result, new buildings must be substituted for old ones that have more efficient utility, even for some old buildings that have been damaged seriously. No doubts that building or maintaining traditional buildings is very essential to raise art sense and increase choices of people’s housing. Plus, these old houses are believed as very important resources to attract international visitors. However, the proportionof traditional houses has to be under control, and otherwise the housing of citizens is badly affected. Overall, my view is that cultural identity is so preciousthat more efforts and measures should be taken but carefully. The excellent tradition helps with deep understanding of history, and educates youths. Nevertheless a simple and recklessbehavior. that new buildings are built in a typical way does more harm than good in the improvement of people’s being. How to cite Protect Traditional Architecture, Essay examples

Overview and Analysis of Ethical Consumerism

Question: Write an analytical business report on what ethical consumerism means for businesses? Answer: Introduction This report is on the Rana Plaza garment factory collapse in Bangladesh on 24th April 2013 which killed around 1,138 people and left many children orphaned.This incident was the worst incident in the world which killed so many people. It was found later that Rana Plaza used to source clothes to 28 brands all over the world and few of the famous brands like Primark, Bonmarche, Matalan, Mango, and Benetton. The incident took place because of the poor workplace health and safety standards. These workers became the victims of human rights violations, suffering while others get rich to make fashionable clothes for rich consumers. As per the investigation it was found that the building was illegally extended to eight stories which is one of the reasons for the building to collapse. This incident could have been avoided if the company would have followed the ethical steps to improve the condition of the building and the safety of the employees. And if the officials would have taken correct measurement or action towards the illegal construction of the building the incident of Rana Plaza could have been avoided. Today most of the companies follow ethical way of production and follow all the rules and regulation mentioned by the government to avoid such incidents and to avoid huge fines from the government.(Department of Rural Economy, University of Alberta,2006) Today Ethical consumerism is encouraged and people are concerned about the products they buy, they make sure that the product is not harmful for the environment or society and Ethical consumerism even encourages them to think about how the product is produced and distributed and if it is doing any benefit to the society and environment(Creyer,1997). Overview and analysis of ethical consumerism Ethical consumerism can be defined as practice of purchasing products and services which does not harm the environment or the society. Now days, consumers are buying goods that are ethically sourced, ethically made and ethically distributed. They are more interested to know how and where it is made and if the product environmental friendly. Ethical consumerism encourages ethical production it means the producing recycled product, no child labor or slavery is involved in producing the product and the product should be organic. There has been a rise in the demand of ethical clothing where consumers want human rights clothes and looking for ways to purchase them which is forcing the clothing industries to produce high quality clothes in an ethical way. By following the ethical way of production the company can win the trust of its customers and increase their goodwill in the market. Consumers are looking for more ethical products and they want more information about the product that the y are purchasing, hence the company should make sure that they provide all the details on the product so that they win the trust of the customers and give a good completion to their competitors. The business to make sure that they follow all the ethical ways in the production of the goods or services to avoid any incidents or non ethical issues. (Itv, 2014)The workers of Rana Plaza were forced to work in the damaged building as there was lot of pressure on the management to complete the order from few of the brands in the western countries and the management of the Rana Plaza had no option but to send the workers to complete the orders. This unethical behavior of the companies forces them to follow unethical procedures that results in damages or accidents like Rana Plaza. Few companies due to the rigorous competition tend to cost cutting and shortcuts on safety to make more profit or meet there clients requirements. There were many experiments done on ethical consumerism and it was found that if a company invests in even a small degree of ethical production, buyers will reward it just as much as a company that goes much further in its efforts. With the change in the consumers thinking and buying trend it is now important for the companies to follow the ethical way of working so that it can make profits for a longer time. This is the way how the company can ensure its revenue and increase its profits in future.(Treanor,2014) Detailed review on Co-operative Group Co-operative Group was voted the most ethicalcompany of the past 25 years in UK. It has gone through a rough phase of its carrier but still manages to work ethically and has won trust of the customers. They follow the ethical way of working to make sure that they do no harm to the society and to the environment.(Fisher,2014) The Co-operative Group believes in openness, honesty, social responsibility, caring for others. They believe that no one is perfect in this world and they dont hide their imperfectness and try to overcome it by working hard. They even believe in taking responsibility for their actions and we give their members a say in the way they run their business. They make sure that they are honest in what they do or how they do it. To improve the community they encourage people to take responsibility of their society. They do lot of charity from their profits to help the society to grow. (The Co-operative Group n.d.) Few of the principles that they follow to work ethically are Voluntary and open membership where membership is open for everyone, Democratic member control gives all the members the rights to participate in policy making and electing representative, they follow Member economic participation where all profits are controlled by the members and is used for their benefits, co-operatives always works with Autonomy and have independence even while dealing with the government and other organizations, co-operatives makes sure that they educate and provide training to all their staffs for ethical growth in the company, co-operatives work together with other coà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœoperatives to strengthen the co-operative movement as a whole, co-operatives also work to improve and develop the society both locally and internationally.(The Co-operative bank, n.d.) Hence it is very important in todays world to carry on business ethically so that it wins the customers trust that helps in running the business in profit for a long time. There are many companies that try to hide the harmful effect of its product on an individual or on the society or environment and losses customers trust. They are more interested in short term profit where as companies who is interested in long term profit gives out all the information about the product and creates a goodwill and trust among the customers.(Confino,2011) The result of the survey done The result of the survey done at GSM London showed that the consumers buying behavior depends on tastes and preferences which is influenced by cultural, social, personal, and psychological factors. Now a days customers have become more ethical in buying products, they have started thinking of the effects on the society or environment the product may have. And if they find that the product have an unethical effect on the environment then they prefer not to buy the product and they quickly shift to the next product. The survey revealed that people are ready to pay little more for products and services that use ethical way of production. And the consumers are even interested to know how the product that they are buying is produced and if it is produced in an ethical way (Leadingincontext, n.d.). The buying behavior of the consumers even depends on the personal factors, like customers loyalty and satisfaction are the two personal factors that affect the consumers behavior the most. Peopl e are more inclined towards branded products as it holds a symbol of status in the society and hence consumers are ready to pay more for these products. The survey in revealed that Advertisement and Communication can even change the consumers buying behavior. The survey shows that by advertising the product on television or through communication there is an emotional response created among the customers which results in changing the buying behavior (GOMES, 2013).It was even noticed during the survey that the purchasing power and revenue even plays an important role in changing the customers buying behavior. A purchasing power of the individual will have a impact on the buying behavior, for example if a person has less purchasing power or less money for disposal then the consumer will be ready to compromise on the goods and will not think about the ethical and non-ethical consumerism. The survey even shows that lifestyle even affects the consumers buying behavior, like a person who h as a good and balanced lifestyle will prefer organic food and will make sure that he buys products that is produced ethically and it does no harm to the environment or the society (Tallontire, Rentsendorj Blowfield, n.d.) The number of consumers are increasing every day who are willing to buy ethical goods which are produced ethically and does not violate any laws, the consumers are ready to pay more for these products to safe the future of the world. Consumers buying behavior even changes due to the availability of the product or the easy access of the product. Now a days people prefer buying products online where they can easily compare the products and can search for more options. People can today get connected to the world through mobile or internet. Smartphones have made online shopping more accessible and easier; today people are booking products directly from the company through smart phones, hence changing the shopping behavior of the consumers. (Webb, n.d.) Conclusion From the above researches done we can conclude that the Rana Plaza incident happened because of the non-ethical procedures followed by the company. The management forced the workers to work in a poor working condition and the workplace did not have any safety measurements. The workers were forced to work to complete the demand of the clothes in the foreign markets and the management ignored all the unethical productions of these products which lead to such a huge disaster which killed thousands of workers and left many children orphans (Chand, n.d.). The other survey on Co-operative Group revealed that it has gained the trust of the people for last 25 years by following the ethical way of working. The company holds a strong position among its competitors. The survey done shows that the company keeps transparency in its action and never ignores its responsibility. The company even does lot of charity to its society to make a better world for the future. The company even makes sure that they are honest in whatever they do and how they do it. To secure our future and the next generation everyone needs to support Ethical consumerism and make this world a better place to live (Pandey Pandey,2013) Recommendations A company can become more ethical by running the company in more sustainable and ethical manner. The company should have clear ethical objectives set to achieve its goal s and make profits. We all know that business is run to make profits but the profit should be made by following the ethical way.The company should make sure that they make ethical policies and procedures and they strictly follow these policies and procedures at any cost.They should even understand the ethical method of production and the effects of the ethical and non ethical production of goods on the society and environment. By following these ethical steps a company can ensure its profit in future and win the customers trust and loyalty which will help the company in the long run (The consumer factor, n.d.). Reference Burke, J. (2013). Bangladesh factory collapse leaves trail of shattered lives. The Guardian Department of Rural Economy, University of Alberta (2006).Do Ethical Consumers Care About Price? A Revealed Preference Analysis of Fair Trade Coffee Purchases. [online] Available From:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1744-7976.2006.00066.x/abstract;jsessionid=BE4F360BE8409AE0366F9A067ADAF7F5.f03t03?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=userIsAuthenticated=false [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. Creyer, E. (1997). The influence of firm behavior on purchase intention: do consumers really care about business ethics? [online] Available From: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/07363769710185999 [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. Itv (2014).Co-op voted UK's most ethical company of last 25 years. [online] Available From:https://www.itv.com/news/update/2014-08-04/co-op-voted-uks-most-ethical-company-of-last-25-years/ [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. Treanor, J. (2014).Co-operative Group voted most ethical despite scandal and 2.5bn loss. [online] Available From: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/aug/04/co-op-most-ethical-company-scandal-loss [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. Fisher, M. (2014). Co-op Group voted UK's 'most ethical' company. [online] Available From:https://www.fruitnet.com/fpj/article/162322/co-op-group-voted-uks-most-ethical-company. [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. The Co-operative Group (n.d.). The Co-operative Group Values and Principles. [online] Available From: https://www.co-operative.coop/corporate/aboutus/The-Co-operative-Group-Values-and-Principles/ [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. The Co-operative bank (n.d.). Introduction. [online] Available From: https://www.co-operativebank.co.uk/aboutus/ourbusiness/ethicalpolicy [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. Confino, M. (2011).What motivates consumers to make ethically conscious decisions? [online] Available From: https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/motivates-consumers-environmental-ethical-decisions [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. Leadingincontext (n.d.). What Does Ethical Consumerism Mean for Business? [online] Available From: https://leadingincontext.com/2012/10/10/what-does-ethical-consumerism-mean-for-business/ [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. GOMES, W. (2013). Reason and responsibility: the Rana Plaza collapse. [online] Available From: https://www.opendemocracy.net/opensecurity/william-gomes/reason-and-responsibility-rana-plaza-collapse [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. Tallontire, A, Rentsendorj, E Blowfield, M (n.d.). ETHICAL CONSUMERS AND ETHICAL TRADE: A REVIEW OF CURRENT LITERATURE. Social and Economic Development Department, NRI Webb, C. (n.d.). How to Change Consumer Behavior Through Advertising. [online] Available From:https://smallbusiness.chron.com/change-consumer-behavior-through-advertising-11281.html [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. Pandey, A. Pandey, M. (2013). IMPACT OF LIFESTYLE ON BRAND PREFERENCE OF BUYER BEHAVIOUR. Abhinav. Volume II, ISSN 2320-0073 The consumer factor (n.d.). The 4 factors influencing consumer behavior. [online] Available From: https://theconsumerfactor.com/en/4-factors-influencing-consumer-behavior/ [Accessed: 8th April 2015]. Chand, S. (n.d.). 5 Factors Influencing Consumer Behaviour | Explained. [online] Available From: https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/products/5-factors-influencing-consumer-behaviour-explained/22163/. [Accessed: 8th April 2015].

Compare and Contrast the Impact of US and Iranian Political Cultures on the Evolution of their Prospective Political Institutions

Introduction The political culture of any society or government is constituted by the various phenomena, as well as, the elements of their social wisdom. Political culture plays a substantial role in the influencing of the both the creation and development of a state and its political institutions. It also has a substantial bearing on the functioning of these institutions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast the Impact of US and Iranian Political Cultures on the Evolution of their Prospective Political Institutions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The role of a political culture in a given jurisdiction is to identify and further stipulate the accepted norms and regulations within the political circles. It is also largely derived form the acceptable ethical norms in the culture of the people who are found within the jurisdiction. Currently, every democratic nation is on the frontline of ensuring t hat they develop their political culture as well as foster their sovereignty/national independence. In doing this, the main emphasis is laid on providing remedies to the issues in the society, but at the same time, maintaining congruency with the modern worldview of politics (Jumaev, 19). This essay critically examines the effect of both the American and Iranian political cultures on their respective political institutions. It begins by first unraveling the characteristics of the respective political cultures. It then analyses each one of them, in regards to their influence on the development of the political institutions, and finally draws a conclusion. Political Culture This term defines a set of commonly held value system, beliefs, and norms in a nation, which describe its economic as well as political character of a people. It can be said to represent the ideas and ideologies that are held dear by the people and this has a bearing on their affiliations with other foreign states or nations. It also explains the relationship among citizens of a nation, their economy, and government. Political culture has a bearing on the decisions and policies that government makes. In the accurate definition of what s political culture is, the explanations offered by both Verba and Pye (513) are quite appropriate; they state that, â€Å"political culture is the system of empirical beliefs, expressive symbols, and values which define the situation in which political action takes place, and provides the subjective orientation to politics.† Pye, as cited in Mibagheri (35) also provides another classical definition of the same by stating that, â€Å"who reiterates that a political culture to consist of only those critical but widely shared beliefs and sentiments that form the ‘particular pattern of orientation’ that give order and form the political process†.Advertising Looking for essay on political culture? Let's see if we can help you! Get you r first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Political Institutions A political institution refers to a legal entity that is mandated to govern all aspects of life for a given group of people living within a particular jurisdiction. These institutions are heavily influenced by the political culture that prevails in a given society. They are formidable symbols of a nation’s political system and are the platforms from which the elected or appointed public representatives make formulate laws and policies. In addition, they also act as a vital source of information as to how politics influence all the key government decisions and processes. The American Political Culture The American political culture is a major determinant factor in the government’s decision-making process. It also heavily influences America’s foreign policy, which describes the nature of relationship between the US and a particular nation. The political culture borrows heavily from the accepted norms, values, and traditions of the American people. It can be said to have historically originated from both the American peoples’ belief system as well as their experiences in the past. These include attributes such as equality, liberty and the rule of democracy. The political culture also inculcates the national outlook, also referred to as the nation’s ideology. This in turn defines the manner in which a nation approaches legal and political issues both domestically and internationally (Yalof Dautrich 90-150). The American Political Institutions Political institutions are at the heart of American politics and government. They include the law courts (judiciary), legislature (congress), and the executive (President, Vice President, Cabinet and their agencies and/or departments). Each of these branches exercises their own measure of powers and in a specific jurisdiction. However, none of them is dominant over the others. The political institution in America is based on six fundamental principles, which govern the manner in which the entire government system executes its functions. These are explained as follows: The government does not exercise absolute control of power but this is limited by the people. This is to say that the government cannot act in impunity but has to adhere by the constitution.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast the Impact of US and Iranian Political Cultures on the Evolution of their Prospective Political Institutions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is the principle of popular sovereignty, which ensures that political power is wielded by the masses and not a few powerful minorities. There is also the separation of powers in the American political structure. This ensures that there is a harmonious execution of government processes, which results in an efficient dispensation of the powers vested in the government. Again, each o f the branches of government functions to carry out specific roles, which are aimed at promoting democracy and providing justice to the people. The constitution makes provisions for checks and balances for the interest of the people. This means that each of the branches is there to countercheck the other and so ensuring that none of them operates in complete dominance to the others. The constitution also makes provision for the judiciary to review any of the acts and laws for the purposes of ascertaining their correctness against the constitution. The principle of federalism, which prevents the central government from wielding absolute power and control, over local and state governments. The American political process is also guided by the constitution, which dictates the mode of filling up positions in local, state, and federal levels of government. There is freedom of association and democratic space (Yalof Dautrich 90-150). The country has several political parties with the domi nant parties being the Republican and the Democratic parties. The electoral process in America includes the local, state, and federal levels of government. Unlike in Iran, these are conducted in a free and fair manner. The Iranian Political Culture According to Cronin (2010), â€Å"the Iranian Revolution of 1978-1979 wrought a profound transformation not just in the spheres of politics and society but also, like other revolutions, in the realm of intellectual life.† The modern day Iran has undergone major political changes in its culture over the last few millennia. As Iran marks a quarter century since its last revolution, it is important to note the influence that this has had on the development of the political institutions.Advertising Looking for essay on political culture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Iran is among the oldest nations, having a documented history that spans over two and a half centuries. Before the advent of Islam in Iran, the nation was ruled by a monarchy system. After the revolution, Shi’ism replaced the monarch system of government. Shi’ism is based on the teachings of a denomination of Islam called the Shia Islam. This is among the largest of the several known denomination of Islam and its followers are often referred to as Shiites. It is exclusively based on the teachings of the Koran, Islam’s holy book, as taught by Islam’s prophet Muhammad. Unlike the other denominations, Shiites highly regards the descendants of Muhammad’s family, with some of these descendants in positions of influence both spiritually and politically. With the adoption of Shi’ism, the Iranian political culture developed in numerous ways. The most notable being introduction of an Islamic system which was deemed to liberate the nation from the yok e of imperialism and westernization. Other developments included the modification of the principles that governed nationalism. The Iranian Political Institutions Iran’s political culture has heavy undertones of the Persian Empire that ruled the region for centuries in ancient times. The Islamic revolution, which resulted in the toppling of the Shah monarch, gave birth to the modern-day Iran, which is dominated by more than 65 million Shiite Muslims. This form of government can also be viewed as a theocratic one in the sense that the supreme leader, who also is the head of state, is an actually an Islamic cleric. This head of state is appointed, to serve for the rest of their natural life, by an agency of the executive known as the council of guardians. He is the only one who has the power to question the judiciary, can disqualify both the election results and candidates as he pleases. The head of state operates in absolute disregard of the wishes of the citizens and is above the law. It is evident that the form of government and political institutions existing in Iran do not offer a conducive environment for the exercise of democracy as well as other fundamental human rights. The government in Iran is subdivided into branches. These include the supreme leader, who acts as the executive, the head of government or president, the ministers, assembly of experts and several other councils. These operate as mandated by the Iranian constitution that was first adopted in 1979 and again revised in 1989. The Iranian political institutions exercise a strict adherence to the Islamic teachings and culture. The Imams (religious clerics) who exercise totalitarianism govern the country (Moran, Harris Moran 334). This is viewed by the Iranians as the only sure way of ensuring absolute liberation from imperialism and westernization. However, the Americans and a majority of the western countries, view it as extremely oppressive and undemocratic. From the radical Islamic culture, Iran has adopted various policies both on its domestic and international front. A good example is its unyielding support for terrorist organizations such as Hezbollah, a Lebanese Islamist Shiite militia, which Iran believes is fighting a holy wart against Israel. Iran is known to finance, offer military training, and arms to Hezbollah Again, from the Islamic Shiite teachings, Iran has adopted a radical stand as far as global peace and harmony is concerned. As a sovereign country recognized by the United Nations, it defies most of the agreements lobbied by the western world, terming them to be an attempt at imposing imperialist and western ideologies on Iran. This has led to UN Security Council to impose several rounds of economic sanctions and embargoes on Iran. A good example is the recent sanctions imposed on Iran’s energy sector, to halt its highly disputed nuclear programme. These sanctions were lobbied by the American and some European foreign ministers. In Iran , the citizens do not enjoy numerous basic freedoms and human rights. For instance, there is state interference in all general and presidential elections. This denies the people a chance to exercise their democratic rights to elect leaders who they feel will best represent their interests. In addition, the openly radical Islamist regime in Iran has and is still viewed as oppressive both in the eyes of a minority of Iranians and globally. Currently there is widespread violation of human rights. The government continues to hunt down and execute all its citizens who dare criticize it. These include several human rights activists, journalists, minority religious and ethnic groups. The Impact of US and Iranian Political Cultures on the Evolution of their Prospective Political Institutions It is now evident that the political culture of a people greatly influences the evolution of their country’s political institutions. In the case of America and Iran, their political institutions have greatly been shaped by the political culture of the people. The Islamic republic of Iran is among the world’s 42 nations in which Islam has a major following (Moran, Harris Moran 331). In Iran, the political institutions exercise little regard for equality and rights. According to Archer and Lloyd (8), Iranian women are denied basic gender equality rights. They are obligated to stay at home, denied education and even forced to wear the chador (Islamic traditional clothing for women, usually having a veil that covers their entire face). On the other hand, the American political culture and institutions have borrowed heavily from Christian teachings. The core beliefs of freedom liberty and equality are all indoctrinated into the functioning of the American political institutions. There is room for tolerance and exercise of freedom and rights as spelt out in the constitution. People from all walks of life are able to peacefully coexist, without any form of discrimination t argeted at them. This includes all diverse manner of minority groups and ethnic communities. Both citizens and non-citizens residing in America enjoy a great deal of liberalism. This means that their basic liberal values, such as the freedom of press, speech etc, are not interfered with by the government (Akerman 35-40). Conclusion The evolutionary process of the political institutions in both America and Iran has largely been determined by the political cultures of the people. The hostility that exists between the two states finds its origin in the stark contrast that these nations share as far as their political culture is concerned. The American government has always been on the frontline in protesting against the state of affairs in Iran. These include the abuse of human rights, nuclear programme, support of terrorism and the instability of the Middle East region, which the US largely blames on Iran. On the other hand, Iran is America’s biggest rival in the Middle East re gion. It openly opposes the American foreign policy especially concerning the region, and support radical Islamist militia and terrorist groups that target America and its allies including Israel. Works Cited Akerman, Ella. Political Culture Case Studies. Surrey, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom. 2003. Archer, John Lloyd, Barbara B. Sex and Gender. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 2002. Cronin, Stephanie. â€Å"Historiography and Political Culture in Twentieth Century Iran: Writing Modern Iranian History.† International Institute of Social History. 2010. 26 October 2010. https://iisg.amsterdam/en/research. Jumaev, Rustam Z. â€Å"New Ways of Thinking and Political Culture,† in Shermukhamedov, Said and Levinskaya, Victoriya. Spiritual Values and Social Progress. CRVP. 2000. Mibagheri, Farid. â€Å"Political Culture Case Studies: Political Culture Its Impact on Politics -The Case of Iran.† Conflict Studies Research Centre, pp. 35-41, March 2003. Web. Moran, Robert T., Harris, Philip R. and Moran, Sarah V. Managing Cultural Differences: Global Leadership Strategies for the 21st Century. NY, Butterworth-Heinemann. 2007. Verba, Sidney Pye, Lucian. â€Å"Comparative Political Culture† in Political Culture and Political Development. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985. Yalof, David Dautrich, Kenneth. American Government: Historical, Popular, Global Perspectives. OH, Cengage Learning. 2008. This essay on Compare and Contrast the Impact of US and Iranian Political Cultures on the Evolution of their Prospective Political Institutions was written and submitted by user Magma to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on College Essay About Life

Throughout my life I have been faced with many obstacles in which, luckily, I have overcome. Unfortunately though, many of those obstacles I created myself. When kids enter high school, they make decisions as freshman that foreshadow the rest of their high school career. Sadly, I picked the wrong path to follow. This choice led me to a long and hard couple years. I was getting in trouble in school, getting in trouble at home, and even getting in trouble with the law. Until one day I was expelled from school. I left my friends, my teachers, my work and I went to a brand new environment. This is when I began to see that I needed to change. In the first couple months of my freshman year I had to deal with the death of my grandmother. We had a very close relationship. I remember when I was little I used to sit on her lap as we played games or read a book. Because her death was never fully explained to me, I began to drift away from my family. I started to look for comfort in the new friends I was making. This was one of the first mistakes I made. My new friends were in to partying and drugs. In order to keep them my friends I felt I had to keep up, which meant partying along with them. So of course, my grades began to fall and I started to become out of control. Eventually my behavior started to get so bad that it was causing problems in my home. I would walk in the front door and hear my parents fighting over how they were going to deal with me. The screaming would not stop and with in a couple minutes I would be part of it. Today I know that I almost caused my parents to get a divorce. With my partying, low grades, and all out disrespect I was driving my parents insane and they were taking it out on each other. As Ientered my sophomore year everything was still the same. I had been suspended plenty of times, arrested, put on probation, and practically anything that was bad- Idid. Then came junior year. This is when Ifound out my... Free Essays on College Essay About Life Free Essays on College Essay About Life Throughout my life I have been faced with many obstacles in which, luckily, I have overcome. Unfortunately though, many of those obstacles I created myself. When kids enter high school, they make decisions as freshman that foreshadow the rest of their high school career. Sadly, I picked the wrong path to follow. This choice led me to a long and hard couple years. I was getting in trouble in school, getting in trouble at home, and even getting in trouble with the law. Until one day I was expelled from school. I left my friends, my teachers, my work and I went to a brand new environment. This is when I began to see that I needed to change. In the first couple months of my freshman year I had to deal with the death of my grandmother. We had a very close relationship. I remember when I was little I used to sit on her lap as we played games or read a book. Because her death was never fully explained to me, I began to drift away from my family. I started to look for comfort in the new friends I was making. This was one of the first mistakes I made. My new friends were in to partying and drugs. In order to keep them my friends I felt I had to keep up, which meant partying along with them. So of course, my grades began to fall and I started to become out of control. Eventually my behavior started to get so bad that it was causing problems in my home. I would walk in the front door and hear my parents fighting over how they were going to deal with me. The screaming would not stop and with in a couple minutes I would be part of it. Today I know that I almost caused my parents to get a divorce. With my partying, low grades, and all out disrespect I was driving my parents insane and they were taking it out on each other. As Ientered my sophomore year everything was still the same. I had been suspended plenty of times, arrested, put on probation, and practically anything that was bad- Idid. Then came junior year. This is when Ifound out my...

Disneyland Hongkong Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Disneyland Hongkong - Case Study Example Nonetheless, with the quick expansion of the amount of theme parks, competition of theme parks is increasing as well. Keeping in view the growing amount of parks and the expansion of their activities, the continued existence of theme park has turn out to be a serious issue. Within Europe, the theme park industry goes on deteriorating because of a greying population, visitors that require better class and visitors that are more considerate as well as perceptive concerning how the accessible resources of spare time and disposable income are utilized. The 2008 financial disaster forced theme parks within Western Europe to arrive at its saturation point and the parks have to make provision for visitors who are becoming more and more knowledgeable as well as challenging. In the intensive situation, the majority of theme parks are making an allowance for extraordinary strategic alterations to recover clientele. China is a nation, which has created a centre of attraction for a huge amount o f foreign investment as well as global business from a large number of countries all around the globe. From being an underprivileged nation during the 1970s, China has industrialized into being on its way to develop into one of the financial super-powers of the world. In accordance with Surhone (2011), on the whole, China’s real GDP has increased with more or less 10 percent per annum form 1978; this is an aggregate raise of roughly 700 percent. The expansion of foreign trade has an annual average of more or less 16 percent during the same time, which make a total of over 2000 percent. Having completed its sixth full year of operations since its grand opening in 2005, Hong Kong Disneyland (HKDL) stays focused on being the leading holiday and leisure destination within Hong Kong. As one of the most admired paid places in Hong Kong, Disneyland is a vital factor in maintaining Hong Kong’s place as among the world’s leading cities for vacation visitors as well as bu siness visitors. HKDL is among the top 15 most liked theme parks around the world, the sixth within Asia and the â€Å"first in the Greater China region based on annual attendance, according to a public report† (Surhone, 2011). HKDL will carry on marketing its top-notch attractions, amusement and interactive experiences together with accommodation, dining and retail functions to develop its business. With the â€Å"Toy Story Land launch in November 2011 and the opening of the other two themed areas through 2013† (Surhone, 2011), HKDL will carry on to revive and increase its offerings with the aim of drawing fresh visitors and produce even better recurring visitation, identifying an growing marketplace as well as aggressive situation. Current Situation Hong Kong Disneyland functions by a joint-venture business of the Hong Kong Government and The Walt Disney Company. â€Å"The park cost $5.7 billion, of which the Government injected $3.25 billion and Disney Company inje cts $2.45 billion† (Choi, 2010). Hong Kong Disneyland is supposed to carry profits to Hong Kong in the future. It is anticipated that HKDL will create a centre of attention for millions of tourists every year, generate thousands of employment opportunities, improve the quality of life, and develop Hong Kong's global image. The HKDL was intended to give Hong Kong a net fiscal gain of more or less 150 billion USD during the coming 40 years. However, unfortunately, troubles have appeared earlier than gains. It was

Sylvia's Bar in Birmingham Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sylvia's Bar in Birmingham - Essay Example Soon, even the popularity of the bar also faded away. Consequently, the main objective of this report has been to identify the issues surrounding the bar and to analyse the problems. It also aims at offering adequate suggestions to the company so that it can improve its profitability and recapture the lost popularity. Defining the Issue There are generally three reasons behind the failure of a restaurant which include economic perspectives, marketing perspectives as well as managerial views. Among these three perspectives, most of the restaurants have been observed to fail because of the economic perspectives. The economic perspective can lead to failure of a restaurant because of the reasons such as lowered profits, weakened revenues and declining profits. The restaurants may also fail because of the marketing perspective wherein they may fail to operate at any specified locations, deliberate strategic selection of relocation, adjusting with the changing demographics, meeting the un realised demand for any new product or service, consolidation of the market in order to acquire new market share in the targeted regions as well as rearrangement of the product portfolio necessitating chosen unit closures. Managerial perspective comprises the failures in the restaurants that occur because of the lack of competency within the managerial teams (Parsa & et. al., 2006). In the context of this case study, it has been noted that Sylvia faces many significant issues that need to be resolved in order to enhance the sales of the company and to increase the profits as well. One of the main issues that the restaurant has been confronting is related to the cost along with the menu of the restaurant. The drinks as well as the food menu have been targeted at high class people and therefore it becomes difficult for the middle class people to dine in the restaurant and thus the demand of the food has declined. Staffing has been the other vital issue related to Sylvia’s Bar. Since the restaurant employs the staffs who have completed their education from South Birmingham College, these staffs generally demand higher pay in comparison to the normal staffs. In such circumstance, it can be stated that a significant amount of the money earned by the company goes to the staffs which is a noteworthy issue in Sylvia. The other main issue hampering the profitability of Sylvia’ Bar has been related to the modes of entertainment that the restaurant uses for the purpose of attracting the customers. The restaurant plays old classic bands which belong to 1960s to 1990s. The old bands may be preferred by some of the customers but may not be the ultimate choice for the youth. Competition is one of the marketing problems that tend to hamper the effectiveness of the companies thereby impacting upon the sales as well as the revenues of the company. It has been noted that during the initiation of the restaurants, there were no competitors of Sylvia’s Bar. How ever, in the recent times there are many local bars which cause a significant problem for the company. The attractiveness of the High Street has also been declining in the current times with young customers wanting to visit fashionable canal district. The company’s customers as well as the staffs are also not much satisfied with the service offered by the company. Customers state that they dislike the weekend entertainment that

Environmental Law in India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Environmental Law in India - Essay Example Indian government had desires to boost its economy. Boosting the agro based and agro supporting industries was one of her key economic preferences. However, the government, to achieve the abovementioned aims, ignored all the safety measures that should have been taken. In 1969, Union Carbide (UCC-the parent company) set up a small plant (Union Carbide India Ltd.- UCIL) in Bhopal, the capital city of Madhya Pradesh, to formulate pesticides. The United Carbide also had no risk management plans nor did the government bothered to ask them to develop any. This intentional ignorance led to more than 20000 causalities. BBC - On This Day.3rd December,1984.In Context, Bhopal Disaster. The MIC facility was located in the existing Carbide plant adjacent to an existing inhabited locality and hardly two kilometers from the railway station. Although Union Carbide claims that the "squatter settlements" around the plant arrived only after the inception of United Carbide, modern research has convinci ngly rejected the claim. As described earlier, in 1960's and 1970's, the developing countries were in a desperate desire for the economic growth through the industrial promotion. The Indian economy is mainly based on agriculture. It thus required the growth in agro based and agro supporting industries in order to boost their agricultural sector in general, and the economy on the whole, in line with the modern technologies. Since these countries lack the essential infrastructure (for example, training, communication, education etc.) required to maintain the emerging technology, they are specially at the greater degree of vulnerability. As a result of it, these nations often find themselves competing for international investors and during this race to excel in attracting the foreign companies, they tend to ignore, sometimes without significant deliberation but often deliberately, the health and environmental violations in which these multinational corporations engage in. "Developing countries confer upon MNC's a competitive advantage because they offer low-cost labor, access to markets, and lower operating costs. Once there, companies have little incentive to minimize environmental and human risks. Lax environmental and safety regulation, inadequate capital investment in safety equipment, and poor communications between companies and governments compound the problem." (Cassels 279). This happened with India too. They also ignored the safety, health and environmental violations by the Union Carbide on a mass scale. A. UNION CARBIDE AND THE INTRODUCTION OF PESTICIDES The Indian economy was based on agriculture. This project was the part of India's Green Revolution. During the late sixties and early seventies of the twentieth century, the total agricultural production increased dramatically by the use of pesticides. The government wanted to have the plants for the pesticides within India in order to gain self sufficiency in the agricultural production without losing significant amount of foreign exchange. (Cassels 39) In 1969, a small plant was set up at Bhopal with the name Union Carbide India Limited,

Reflective Paper On Human Resource Management Management Essay

Reflective Paper On Human Resource Management Management Essay Human resource management plays an integral role in assisting any organization attains its set objectives. HRM can be defined as the rational and strategic move towards management of a firms workforce. The workforce is the most valuable asset in any organization. Indeed, organizations are constituted by employees and not the processes and technology employed. The goals of any organization can only achieved by entrusting it to a committed workforce. According to Riccucci (2006), HRM functions in hiring people, ensures growth of employees capabilities so as to fully utilize them and compensate them commensurately for their contributions in making organizations goals realization possible. As such, HRM exists to ensure employee productivity by addressing any hindrance occurring on employees performance. This paper explores the functions of HRM, major concerns in those functions and their relevance to the sum total goal of an organization. In addition the paper reflectively focuses on the impacts of the aforementioned functions to the employees current and future career. To achieve the organizational goals, HRM develops the employees and motivates the individual employee via proper communication of the social responsible and ethical behavior thereby expounding any performance gaps in the organization and providing remedies to them to ensure efficient working. Human Resources planning and recruitment/selection issues The process of HRM is guided by a HRM plan which clearly outlines the future of the undertaking. The plan relates the efforts of the employees within an organization with the organizational goals. Achievements of employees can only be relevant to the organization if they continually address the organizational goals. Organizational goals distinguish between organizations in the market and as such provide the competitive advantage of the organization. HRM office projects, in the plan, the human resource (HR) requirements into the future in efforts to enhance the achievement of the goals. The plan considers both quantitative and qualitative aspects of the HR to be recruited and/or maintained. The economic implication of the HR hired is a factor that goes hand in hand with the achievement of objectives of the organization. HR plan has a great implication on the current and future career aspects of existing employees as well as those in the contextual labour market. Indeed, the quality of HR required may mean staff training on the existing employees, retrenchment of those under qualified or stricter selection processes in efforts to match the job and the skills in employee. The recruitment process then follows. During recruitment, HRM office advertises for the vacancy and after applications has been made, selection of the best candidate(s) is done. The right candidate(s) is inducted into the organization via an introduction of the colleagues, organization structure, work station and supervisor. Furthermore, the recruited employee is familiarized with the organizations goals and policies all of which shape the organization culture. During induction there may be need for a training that may last from several days to several months depending on the intensity of disparity between skills level of the recruited employee and the job description. The contemporary society requires certain proportions of composition of genders in the organizations. Many organizations have actually adopted the affirmative action in ensuring equal employment opportunities (EEO) within their organizations. This serves both as legality conformance as well as a social acceptance tool for organizations. EEO and Affirmative Action Affirmative action is a faction of particular and results-oriented undertakings structured towards correction of underutilization of women and minorities in the workstations. The idea is that employers and all involved in controlling employment procedures do not discriminate among candidates on the grounds of physical or mental challenge, nationality, color, sex, ancestry, religion, marital status, age or medical condition (Dowling et al, 2008). The qualified individuals in the job market should therefore access the available jobs equally. Within the working places, affirmative action and EEO ensures similarity in provision of benefits as well as services to the workforce. As such employees are consistently subjected to practices and policies equally. EEO is an all inclusive legal mandate for federal contractors. Affirmative action program is an endeavor to enhance fairness and deal with effects of previous discrimination practices in employment through attracting the target group th at includes women and underutilized minorities. The impact of affirmative action and EEO on its level of implementation seriously impacts on the career aspirations and indeed personal lives of individuals since its implementation benefits the target group while it may compromise quality of the work force in some societies (ZÃ ¼gner Ullrich, 2009). Implementation of the EEO and affirmative action programs implies that the percentage of the unemployed among the target group is increased thereby improving their personal living standards as well as career prospects. The challenge with the implementation of EEO and affirmative action may be the possibility of compromising the quality aspect of the workforce when the level of skills among the target population is wanting yet their percentage in an organizations workforce has to be achieved. However, for social acceptance and legal conformity, the HRM office must try to apply the said policy. In enhancing employee productivity and the subsequent achievement of organization goals, HRM office must ensure proper compensation and commensurate provision of benefits to the employees. Compensation may be defined as the offer of money or a financial convertible material for purposes of remunerating for work done. The remuneration is presented as a compensation package which implies the value /worth placed on an employee. Compensation and Employees Benefits Compensation package is normally presented in three major categories. First, it can be non monetary such that the value intangible. Such compensation comprise of social as well as career rewards expressed as growth opportunity , subsidized housing, enhanced job security, flexible working hours, recognition, and elder care among others. The Second compensation package is direct which expresses the employees base salary/wage. Direct compensation may be in form of piece rate pay, hourly pay or salary pay. Finally, there is indirect compensation that includes provision of facilities like paid leave, health insurance, and child care. Any compensation is either based on time or activity level (Riccucci, 2006). In terms of time, compensation may be long-term or short-term. Short-term and long-term compensation reward performance for upto one financial year and beyond a financial year period respectively. The activity level approach, expresses a compensation package as either variable or fix ed. Variable package is proportionately with employees performance level. This arrangement is usually called ‘pay at risk. The implication is that compensation is re-earned and re-established each performance period. Variable package is availed as team-based pay, bonus programs as well as commissions. On the contrary, fixed compensation does not vary directly as performance and is also nondiscretionary. Generally, corporate consensus advocate for a relation between pay and performance to enhance its effectiveness. This advocacy may however not apply in sectors where performance levels are dependent on factors without employee and organization control. Whichever presentation of compensation package is adopted, the motivation effect as well as implication on financial soundness of the organization must be considered. Compensation package affects the employees perception on the value placed on them and hence is a good motivation element/factor in the workplace. The compensation policy adopted by the organization dictates the living standards of a person as well as future career development of an employee. Some organizations cater for career developments costs for their employees while others reimburse a certain percentage of the cost. Moreover, other factors constant, high compensation packages can enable an employee to advance in career since it would cater for the training and other education expenses coincidental to career advancement. Human Resources Development Human resources require a continuous development to match with the increasing demand for skills and levels of performance. Human resource development (HRD) may be defined as the structure designed to assist workers develop their personal as well as organizational skills, abilities and knowledge. HRD is more often than not a deliberate organizational effort expressed in terms of performance management, employee career development, employee training and mentoring programs geared towards positioning employees to properly face the dynamism of their duties (Dowling et al, 2008). The focus of HRD is to develop a superior workforce that will result to accomplishment of individual and organizational goals in serving customers. HRD may be formal or informal. Formally, HRD is conducted in a classroom setup where a course is offered. Informal HRD involves employee coaching by a supervisor within the working station. In an organizational setup, performance management is defined as the process of putting up a work environment requiring the workforce to perform to the maximum level of their capabilities. Performance management system starts with the communication of duties and responsibilities of an individual employee, the actual performance of duties and an evaluation procedure. The whole process is facilitated by a feedback mechanism that serves to ensure adherence to organizational goals. Effective performance management as an element in HRD ensures the following. First, there is continued improvement in productivity both in the manner employees work and the subsequent outcomes. Secondly, effective performance management ensures a commensurate reward to employees contribution hence improvement in employee morale. Thirdly, top performers are retained when an effective performance management is employed. Retention arises from the employee loyalty and low labour turn over achieved when employees e xperience a sense of achievement (ZÃ ¼gner Ullrich, 2009). Finally, organization enjoys increased profitability derived from employee loyalty which in turn leads to customer loyalty. The HRM office conducts performance appraisals usually on quarterly basis of the performance period. According to ZÃ ¼gner Ullrich (2009), career development can be enhanced through provision of paid study leaves and partial or full reimbursement of training expenses when employees seek training outside the organization. HRD equips the employees with better skills of doing work which boosts their performance levels. High performance levels in return generates better compensation package. Furthermore, HRD raises the self esteem of employees especially if their skills level were extremely low. Employee and various labor relations issues The practice HRM is responsible in ensuring adherence to the set labour relations policy. Employee/labour relation is the concern for the relationship and interaction between lower level employees and the organizations upper management level (Burstein, 1994). Labor relation policy addresses the following issues in the organization. To start with, labour relations policy enacts proper administration procedures within the organization. Employees can correctly project the administrative issues that will be practiced in the organization. For example, workers can expect that they will have a unity of command and a clearly defined chain of command governing them. Moreover, employees are aware of the importance of their participation in decision making in whichever level. Second, labour relations policy ensures maintenance of an effective and positive discipline in the organization. The policy clearly outlines the legal issues that govern discipline and the remedial measures to be taken for correction. When employees commit errors necessitating the need for effective dispute resolution in the workplace, they are not left under the mercies of the organization management alone, but rather labor relations policy provides the required guidelines in seeking amicable solution (Dowling et al, 2008). In case the organization infringes on the rights of the employees, the labour relations policy also comes into effect to define the extent of compensation that the employees are entitled to. Third, labour relations policy establishes the lines of communication in an organization which forms a foundation for employee morale. Fourth, the policies guarantees uninterrupted production since there is a continuous employment for employees and managers and a full utilization of resources. With maximum possible production, there is a predictable continuity in flow of income that enhances smooth running of organization. Finally, labor relations reduce wastage of HR, machines and materials thus protectin g national interest of conservation. Adherence to labour relations is paramount to personal lives of employees as well as on their future career prospects. This is mainly because the policy provides an opportunity for mental revolution (ZÃ ¼gner Ullrich, 2009). In fact the objective of labour relations policy is to enhance a complete mental revolution in the workforce. A peaceful coexistence ultimately lies in a changed appearance both on the organization and the employees. Management of organization needs to formulate relationships that enhance consonance with true democracy spirit. The organization and the employees must perceive themselves as members of a partnership that recognizes the contribution of each. Development of such an understanding improves the affective domain of an employee that is important in the modern social world. Social employees have a chance to develop in their careers as well as fit in their contextual organizations through the normal challenges that exist. Safety and Health On health and safety of employees in the organization, HRM ensures conformance both as a legal requirement as well as a care for humanity. Organizations depend on smooth running of operations as directed by employees. As such, the health and safety of employees need to be guarded. Health refers to the state of being in a human/ worker in an organization Dowling et al, 2008). The state of well being includes mental, emotional and physical wholeness of an individual. Safety may be defined as to the safeguarding of physical well being of a worker. Safety minimizes/eliminates risk of accidents due to fire or diseases as well as machinery. At large, Security encompasses protection of equipments and facilities from damage and unauthorized access. The HRM office coordinates safety programs and enhances awareness of the organizations health and safety policies. In ensuring safety awareness, the HRM office should train the members of organization on handling safety equipments, maintenance of working conditions that are safe as well as developing appropriate safety reporting mechanisms (Riccucci, 2006). Health and safety of employees safeguards their lives thereby giving them opportunities to advance in their careers. Conclusion In conclusion, the HRM function in an integral part of any organization in ensuring the realization of established goals. The said office harmonizes the dream of the founders of the organization, which is expressed as objectives or strategic plans, and the efforts that are applied by the workforce. Indeed, the essence of work is realization of the set objectives without which hard work would be meaningless. The functions of the HRM office are interrelated and interdependent. Their weights/importance is intertwined by the close relationships that they hold. As such no function can be said to hold more weight than the other. Sourcing of the workforce is however important as the first step that determines success and cost of operation in the other functions. Ensuring equality and fair practices under legal employee relations procedures in the workplace boosts firms commitment in attaining the set objectives. References Burstein, P. (1994). Equal employment opportunity: labor market discrimination and public policy. Piscataway, U.S.A: Aldine Transaction Publishers. Dowling, P. J., Festing, M Engle, D. A. (2008). International human resource management: managing people in a multinational context. Florence, KY: Cengage Learning EMEA Publishers. Riccucci, M. N. (2006). Public Personnel Administration and Labor Relations. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe Publishers. ZÃ ¼gner, C. Ullrich, S. (2009). Compensation and Remuneration. Munich, Germany: GRIN Verlag Publishers.

Web-Based Training Verses Instructor-Led Training :: essays research papers

Web-Based Training Verses In my department, we offer two types of training for automotive dealers. The first type is our Web-Based Training (WBT), and the second is Instructor-Led Training (ILT). These training courses have many similarities, such as learning objectives, total content, layout, structure and flow. They differ, however, in how each course is delivered, when the learning takes place, and the cost of the training. One of the similarities between WBT and ILT is the learning objectives. Regardless of the delivery method, the learning outcomes for the student are the same. Another similarity is the content, which may include text, graphics, quizzes, exercises, and tests. Slides comprised of graphics and text that are used to support ILT are the basis for the visuals presented in WBT. The layout, structure and flow of the two courses are also very similar. During both of the courses, information is presented to the student, an application exercise is conducted, a quiz on the learning module is given. A final summarizing exam is provided after all the learning modules are complete. While WBT and ILT have similarities, they have differences as well. One of these differences is in the way the course is delivered. WBT is offered online, in a multimedia format where the student sits solo in front of a computer and interacts only with the content. ILT takes place in a classroom, where students receive lectures, ask questions of the instructor, and engage in discussions. A further difference is in the learning environment, including when the learning takes place. WBT is held at any time, at any place, on a computer with an internet connection. Not all students learn at the same pace, or at the same time (asynchronous). However, ILT is scheduled, and directed, and class start and end times are based on availability of faculties and instructor. ILT is synchronous and learning takes place concurrently; everyone takes it at the same time with a group of people with which they interact (L. Ross, personal communication, June 12, 2003). The WBT version of our course is priced with a one-time registration fee of fifty dollars. The bundles range from one hundred to three hundred dollars in price. The dealer chooses a bundle of three, six, or twelve courses. This is a pricing strategy based on volume, and the more you purchase the more you save. ILT pricing is on a per attendee basis.

Ikea’s Global Sourcing Challenge: Indian Rugs and Child Labor Essay

IKEA is a Swedish company producing home furnishing products at low prices. The company was founded in 1943 by Ingvar Kamprad and kept growing tremendously from 2 stores in 1964 to 114 stores in 1994. It’s very useful to mention the ikea’s vision that says â€Å"Creating a better life for the many people† for understanding the deep credo of saving cost among all the departments of IKEA, everything that IKEA does has the aim of reducing price to the customer. Besides its success stories, the company has faced environmental and social issues. The environmental issue of Formaldehyde was solved but sales dropped by 20% in Denmark. In 1992, the company got the same issue, which cost IKEA around $7 million. IKEA learned a lesson; publicity can bring a big loss in sales, not considering the damage to the brand image. In the spring of 1995, another film is threaten to be shown on German television about children working at looms at Rangan Exports, an Indian company used by IKEA, and the producer then invited IKEA to send someone to take part in a live discussion during the program. These events urged the company to consider environmental and social issues more seriously. It is very important to focus to the long term contract that IKEA establishes with its suppliers, in fact they promote â€Å"to develop long-term business partners†, and they also say â€Å"†¦ We are in this for the long run† always with the aim of reducing cost and creating a faithful relationship. On the process of globalization, IKEA needs to get the cheapest suppliers and therefore goes to countries that offer cheap labor. When IKEA set its suppliers in these countries, it could not avoid these problems. The fact that IKEA does not have its own manufacturing facilities; instead it uses subcontracted manufacturers all over the world for supplies makes it more complex and difficult to keep track of the company’s suppliers and subsuppliers (almost 2300 suppliers in 70 countries and a range of 11200 products). It is even more difficult to keep track of children working in homes where whole families worked on looms from the subsuppliers’ level. The best strategy is to avoid social and environmental issues right from the beginning as when these issues emerge, they immediately affect the products’ sales tremendously. To avoid this threat of loss in profit, IKEA may consider withdrawing from India. However, if IKEA withdraws from India market, it will lose a big opportunity of cheap labor and put the company at disadvantage position as other competitors accessing the same opportunities to compete for lower product prices. IKEA therefore should not look for a new business opportunity by leaving India but keep up with the trend and get ahead of the issue and its rivals. Some people may argue that if the company is actively involved with the issue, it may have a drop in profit compared to its competitors. The threat may be true in the short term also because of the clause of cancellation of the contract. However, IKEA can turn the threat into a big opportunity in the long term by actively involving and publicizing its achievement whit the website and display advertising in the stores to let customers appreciate the effort ,as done before with the forest issue. The strict partnership with all suppliers doesn’t permit IKEA to abandon one of his supplier when problems occur, the supply network will be scared from the behavior of the company when an help is needed; in fact IKEA says that â€Å"We do not buy from our suppliers. We buy unused production capacity† in this way we can observe that the suppliers depends from IKEA. To go or not to go to the show? If the show ensure IKEA the possibility of speaking freely and to defend itself, so to be able to speak and give further explanation of the problem, they should go; if the show doesn’t ensure any freedom of speaking and the show will be only a â€Å"public pillory†, IKEA should not go and do a press conference the day after, where it will explain deeply the press release and all the intention of IKEA for the future. For this complex situation, it is recommended that IKEA should join the program. The company had gained already some positive achievements to the child labor issue since the problem was first raised by Swedish television. IKEA could discuss the information it had collected so far from UNICEF, Swedish Save the Children and the ILO and show it had the same attitude as the director of the documentary film as well as reaching the same goals of deleting child labor. It could show its appreciation to the director for helping spot the child labor at the company’s manufacturer and emphasizing that the company is going to analyze the case more deeply. IKEA possibly mentions its spirit of not avoiding mistakes to search for creative solutions. Moreover with a carefully considered plan, participating in the television program would help save the brand and image. After the television program, IKEA needs to come up with a solution for the case and the long-term strategy to deal with child labor issue, and admitting that the clause of the contract was too strict, and it would be better to establish a plan (3-5 years) for the future with those countries. Barner should make a trip to Rangan Exports and investigate the case entirely and get in touch with the reality of the facts. All the children working there should be collected and offered education opportunities (Corporate Social Responsibility, Citizenship of the company). The company needs to create its own children budget to help children found working. By this way, IKEA could continue its relationship with its suppliers (most of them are in developing countries), calling for the cooperation from suppliers to allow IKEA’s professional random inspection. Working with Rugmark is another good option if IKEA can make sure the child labor problem is under control. Because IKEA does not have its own manufacturers and gets its supplies from other suppliers, it is challenging for IKEA’s ability to manage and control the whole production process. Unless IKEA can be sure that there’s no child labor in the company, it is encouraged to allow Rugmark to monitor the use of child labor on IKEA’s behalf. If IKEA follows the steps explained above, it will improve its level of social responsibility and sustainability. The company could advance itself to the even higher level, an interactive level, by executing more assertive and precise plans. The interactive level promises a long-term advantage in brand image and profit as done before with the â€Å"going green† program. As child labor is considered â€Å"Indian culture†, it requires a lot of time, energy and finance to make progress. The company needs to work tightly with UNICEF, NGOs, and Save the Children Alliance to learn from each other. In India, because of economic initiatives, families send children to work. Therefore, to help improve the situation, IKEA need to fund a budget in the need of education for those families. Besides, the company should lobby to coerce the government to get involved more actively in the process. In the long run, family income boosting plans need to be implemented to obtain a better standard living for Indian families as poverty is the root of the problem.

How to Form Latin Superlative Adjectives

How to Form Latin Superlative Adjectives Using a superlative form of an adjective takes the basic sense of the adjective to the extreme, so the superlative of basic would be most basic. Identifying Superlatives Latin superlative adjectives are usually easy to identify. Most contain -issim- (e.g., suavissimus, -a, -um most charming). If they dont have -issim-, they will likely have -llim- (difficillimus, -a, -u most difficult) or -rrim- (celerrimus, -a, -um swiftest) in them. This double consonant -im- precedes the case ending. Translation of Superlatives Superlatives are usually translated into English with -est or most. They can also be translated with very or extremely. Difficillimus means most difficult or very difficult. Celerrimus means fastest or very fast. Declension of Superlatives Superlative adjectives are declined like first and second declension nouns. Superlatives are adjectives and as such must agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number, and case. The endings are added to the base of the adjective. These endings are not new or different, but theyre here for convenience: Singularcase M. F. N.nom. -us -a -umgen. -i -ae -idat. -o -ae -oacc. -um -am -umabl. -o -a -o Pluralcase M. F. N.nom. -i -ae -agen. -orum -arum -orumdat. -is -is -isacc. -os -as -aabl. -is -is -is Example: Clarus - Clarissimus -a -um Clear - Clearest Singular case M F Nnom. clarissimus clarissima clarissimumgen. clarissimi clarissimae clarissimidat. clarissimo clarissimae clarissimoacc. clarissimum clarissimam clarissimumabl. clarissimo clarissima clarissimo Plural case M F Nnom. clarissimi clarissimae clarissimagen. clarissimorum clarissimarum clarissimorumdat. clarissimis clarissimis clarissimisacc. clarissimos clarissimas clarissimaabl. clarissimis clarissimis clarissimis Unusual Superlatives If an adjective ends in -er for its masculine singular nominative in what is called the positive (e.g., for the Latin adjective pulcher beautiful, pulcher is the positive form), its superlative form will end in -errimus, -a, -um. If the masculine singular nominative form of the adjective ends in -ilis (e.g., facilis easy), the superlative form will be -illimus, -a, -um. Singular case M F Nnom. pulcherrimus pulcherrima pulcherrimumgen. pulcherrimi pulcherrimae pulcherrimidat. pulcherrimo pulcherrimae pulcherrimoacc. pulcherrimum pulcherrimam pulcherrimumabl. pulcherrimo pulcherrima pulcherrimo Plural case M F Nnom. pulcherrimi pulcherrimae pulcherrimagen. pulcherrimorum pulcherrimarum pulcherrimorumdat. pulcherrimis pulcherrimis pulcherrimisacc. pulcherrimos pulcherrimas pulcherrimaabl. pulcherrimis pulcherrimis pulcherrimis Irregular Superlatives (Translation) Positive Comparative Superlative (Big, Bigger, Biggest) magnus, -a, -um maior, maius maximus, -a, -um(Small, Smaller, Smallest) parvus, -a, -um minor, minus minimus, -a, -um(Good, Better, Best) bonus, -a, -um melior, melius optimus, -a, -um(Bad, Worse, Worst) malus, -a, -um peior, peius pessimus, -a, -um

Medical Data Essays

Medical Data Essays Medical Data Paper Medical Data Paper Medical data collectively represents information that was or is being obtained from individuals who have consulted medical professionals or have been admitted to health care facilities due to health and medical problems and concerns. The types of medical data include narrative data or textual data, which includes personal information (name, date of birth, occupation, medical history, family or social background, etc. ) and written remarks of medical professionals (codes that represent the status of patients, etc. ), numerical data (measurements such as vital signs, various measurements conducted, etc.  ), recorded signals in the form of Mammography, ECG, and such, and data in the form of pictures (x-rays, radiologic images, and sketches or drawings). (Charette, 2006) Medical data differs from business, corporate, or organizational data because it is utilized to provide health solutions, remedies, and preventive action that will benefit patients or clients. Business, corporate, or organizational data, on the other hand, is focused on obtaining and keeping information in order to sustain the needs and requirements of the company for growth and development. Therefore, medical data is utilized outwardly as a means to serve the people, while organizational data is utilized inwardly, such that the results of gathering and storing data benefits businesses or corporations more than their clients. Moreover, while organizational data are mostly based on accurate information or figures, medical data requires the expertise of medical professionals to interpret and obtain information relevant to the concept of gathering medical data. Perhaps the number and complexity of utilizing technology to digitize medical data make it difficult for health care facilities to computerize them. Apparently, digital imaging for medical data requires the utilization of new technologies that were designed for this specific purpose. However, the problem is that it is expensive. Health care facilities are left with the decision whether to spend funds for technological systems for storing data or to allocate it for health care service purposes. (Renner, 1996) Moreover, medical data are numerous. It would not be easy to computerize them in just a couple of hours. Doing so will require much time and effort. Of course technological gadgets being used to store medical data necessitate knowledge of how to operate them. Medical professionals agree that utilizing technological systems for obtaining and storing medical data requires that they learn how to operate these gadgets. (Funke, 2008) References Charette, R. N. (2006). Electronic Medical Records: Dying for Data. Retrieved October 14, 2008, from IEE Spectrum Online. Website: spectrum. ieee. org/feb08/4589 Funke, O. (2008). Electronic Medical Records and Privacy: Purpose, Benefits and Problems. Retrieved October 14, 2008, from All Academic Incorporated. Website: allacademic. com/meta/p281245_index. html Renner, K. (1996). Cost-Justifying Electronic Medical Records. Retrieved October 14, 2008, from CNET Networks, Inc. Website: http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m3257/is_n10_v50/ai_18794085

Critical thinking Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical thinking - Assignment Example This might be one of the reasons the company is not growing as Henry seems to be micromanaging which is in the process stifling the organization he is trying to build. The very management style that is employed by Henry, the very management style that was critical in taking the company off the ground which is evidently based on a zealous focus on tactical execution is evidently derailing the growth of the company down the line. In this case, Henry is lost in the heat of battle, and has evidently failed to adapt their management style to the rapidly evolving needs of their growing organizations. A quick look at the organization structure and going by Henry’s responses, one would easily reveal the problem instantly. Providing his personal review of invoices before they were sent to customers is part of the problem which like he says cuts into a lot of time. Compounding this problem is the fact that the office is open which does not give him a place where to concentrate on the type of

Business Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

Business Law - Assignment Example USA), the Supreme Court actually decided against the Pasquantinos, arguing that they have been guilty in violating Federal Wire Fraud laws. In this case, I don’t think that the Pasquantinos and the Hilts would not be able to succeed in their legal argument, given that the nature of the law was against smuggling, the very crime that the Pasquantinos and the Hilts committed. Meanwhile, with regards to the third case (USA v. Dotterweich); I think that he must still be held criminally responsible for violating the Food, Drugs and Cosmetics Act. Although it may be argued that he may have not participated directly in shipping misbranded drugs, this fact does not remove his responsibility to ensure that his business is actually complying with all standards and regulations that are being enforced by the state. In this case, given that it is still his company, such failure to comply with regulations is fully within his